Shingle



G. B. PAYNE June 12, 1934.

SHINGLE 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed March 21., 1931 ATTORNEY June 12,? 1934. B, PAY E I 1,962,613-

SHINGLE Filed March 21. 1931 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 1% i 2f 22 g; L49 %6 14. 2 4 6 24 40 k2 INVENTOR- BY Gerda/d5. Pay 7 ATTORNEY Patented June 12, 1934 SHINGLE Gerald B. Payne, Scranton, Pa assignor to The Patent and Licensing Corporation,

Boston,

Mass, a corporation of Massachusetts Application March 21, 1931, Serial No. 524,297

8 Claims. (CL 108-75) This invention relates to composition shingles that are used to cover the roof or side walls of a building. These shingles are composed generally of a felted fabric impregnated with asphalt and coated on one or both sides with a high-melting point asphalt in which is partially imbedded designs. 1

Another object of my invention is to provide shingles of extremely simple configuration which can be laid with a minimum amount of material to cover a given area and to aflford adequate weathering protection.

In the drawings,

Figure 1 represents a plan viewer one of the shingles of the set;

Figure 2 represents a plan view of the other shingle of the set;

Figure 3 represents a fragmentary portion of the roofing composed of the shingles shown in Figures 1 and 2;

Figures 4 and 5 illustratediflerent manners in which the shingles shown in Figures 1' and 2 may be laid;

Figure 6 represents the manner in which the individual shingles are cut from the sheet.

According to my invention, each set of shingles comprises .a plain individual rectangular unit Aandaslitrectangularimitnasshowninl igures 1 and 2 respectively.

The shingle A is the ordinary rectangular shingle with lateral edges 11 and 12 and upper and lower edges 13 and 14 respectively.

Shingle B is also of general rectangular shape with side edges 21, 22 and upper and lower edges 23, 24 respectively. Spaced upwardly a predetermined distance from the lower edge 24 are slits 25 and 2 6 whlch extend parallel to the lower edge 24 and'inwardly towards each other from the lateraledges 21, 22. The inner extremity of each of the slits 25 and 26 is cut away to provide an arcuate cut-out 28 that assists in the apm plication of the shingle elements and prevents tearing during said application. located on each of the lateral edges 21 and 22, is a V-shaped notch 29that is spaced from the upper edge 23 a. distance corresponding to the desired overlap of the successive course of shingles.

In severing the shingles from A continuous sheets, a sheet of any desired width may be used, providing its width is a multiple of the length of a single element. Thus, any number of longitudinal rows of alternately occurring shingles A and B, as described, may be produced by slitting the sheet longitudinally to separate the shingles of adjoining rows.

Thus the roofing elements as described, may be out without waste from a mineral surfaced web of a width twice the length of the elements. Accordingly, transverse slits 40 are formed along the longitudinal edges of the sheet and extend inwardly therefrom, and similarly slits 41 are formed intermediate and in the same straight line with the slits 40. At a predetermined distance from the slits 40 and 41 are cut the V shaped notches" and diamond shaped cut-outs 42 and 43, respectively. The slits 40 and 41, the V-shaped notches 42 and the diamond shaped cut-outs 43. are located on the same side of alternate ones of a series of equi-spaced slits 44 extending entirely across the sheet. The free ends of the slits 40 and 41 terminate in circular openings 45. The sheet is also cut along the longig0 tudinal line 46 midway the width of the sheet and bisecting the slits 41 and the diamond shaped notches 43. The slitting, notching and severing of the sheet as described may be in any desired order.

The shingle elements are delivered from the machine to the packing machines in alternate relation and are packed in bundles, each bundle containing asuitable number of each shingle arranged alternately in the bundle. Thus, a minimum amount of h 1 1-1 I is required at this point and on the job, the workman taking the shingles directly in the order in which they occur in the bundle.

Figures 3 to 5 inclusive, show the difierent roofing structures that may be obtained with my novel shingle. The operations in laying are fundamentally the same in all of these structures. Therefore, for the purposes of illustration, I will describe the method of laying the structureshown in Figure 5. Assuming that the shingle elements are laid from left to right, the shingle A is'positioned on the roof so that its edges 11 and 14 coincide with the verge and cave lines respectively, of the roof. A nail is driven at the upper left-hand corner of the shingle and another nail is driven through a point located near the right-hand side 12 and upwardly about one-fourth the distance from the butt edge 14. The shingle B, the next shingle in the bundle, is taken by the no workman and its lower left-hand tongue 30, is slid under the right-hand side of the shingle A, and its upper left-hand marginal portion is slid over to overlap the upper right-hand side of said shingle A. The butt edges 14 and 24 of the shingles A and B, respectively, are brought in alignment and a nail is driven through the upper left-hand corner of the shingle B, this nail passing through the upper right-hand corner of the shingle A. Another nail is driven through the tongue 32, located at the lower right-hand corner of the shingle B. Another shingle A is taken from the bundle by the workman and its edge 11 is slid through the slit 26 of shingle B so that the tongue 32 is overlapped by the lower left-hand side of shingle A and the upper righthand marginal portion of shingle B is underlapped by the upper left-hand side of shingle A. The above operations are continued until the course is completed. The next course is laid by.

cutting shingle A along its transverse centre line. The half shingle A is laid so that its butt edge overlaps the shingle of the subjacent course a distance equal to the desired lap. The shingle B,-the

next shingle in the bundle, is applied to the roof as aforedescribed and the position of its butt edge is determined by the notch 29. The aforementioned shingles are nailedasabove described,asare the succeeding shingles of this course. It will be noted that although two nails are driven through each shingle when initially laid, every shingle is fastened at four places, namely, at each of its upper corners; at its upper end intermediate its upper corners and at one of its lateral ends adjacent the lower edge. not nailed, is held securely in a flat position by virtue of itsinterlocking relation with an adjacent shingle. Notwithstanding that one corner is not nailed, this construction, affords adequate weather protection and has the advantage that tearing is prevented when the shingles are distorted because of expansion or contraction of the supporting structure.

The shingles may be laid as shown in Figure 4 in varying angular positions so that the exposed edge of each course of shingles may be varied to secure a thatched efi'ect on the roof.

Still another method of laying is shown in Figure 3 where the shingles A and B in each course are laid in alternate relationship, and the shingles A and B in each vertical row formed by the succesive courses are also in alternate relationship.

I claim as my invention:

1. A roof covering comprising a plurality of courses of weatherproofshingles, each of said courses including shingles having locking slits at opposite sides thereof and laid in alternate rela- The other corner which is tionship with other shingles having their opposite marginal edges uninterrupted and inserted in the slits of the two laterally adjacent first mentioned shingles of the same course.

2. A roof covering comprising a plurality of courses of weatherproof units, each of said courses including a plurality of units of substantially the same configuration, alternate units having a tongue defining slit at each of its lower corners, in interlocking engagement with the adjacent marginal edge of the intervening units.

3. A roof covering comprising a plurality of courses of waterproof units, each course including units laid alternately with similar units having marginal slits therein and only the last named units being slit and adapted to receive the side edges of the first named units.

4. As an article of manufacture, a plurality of pairs of roofing elements adapted to be laid in courses with the elements of the pairs alternating in each course, the elements of each pair being of substantially the same configuration, one element of each pair having a marginal slit therein to receive the edge of the other element in the pair laid adjacent thereto.

5. As an article of manufacture, a plurality of pairs of roofing elements having the general shape of a. parallelogram, only one element of each pair having slits at its lower corners, to receive the edges of other elements of said pairs laid adjacent thereto in the same course.

6. A roof covering comprising a plurality of courses of shingles, each of said courses including a plurality of shingles of substantially the same configuration, alternate shingles only of each course having locking slits at opposite sides to receive the marginal edges of the adjacent intervening shingles of the same course.

7. A roof covering comprising a plurality of courses of waterproof shingles, alternate shingles 1 only of each course having slits to define tongues along its opposite edges, said tongues being overlapped by shingles laid adjacent each of said opposite edges and in interlocking engagement therewith.

8. As an article of manufacture, a plurality of pairs of roofing elements adapted to be laid in courses with the elements of the pairs alternating in each course, the elements of each pair being of substantially the same configuration, one ele- 1 ment of each pair having a tongue-defining slit formed along each of the opposite lateral edges thereof, the other element of each of said pairs having uninterrupted marginal edges, to engage the slits of elements laid alternately adjacent thereto.

GERALD B. PAYNE. 

